Traits of adult dragons

Morphological traits

Abdomen length

traitdescriptionmodalities
Abdomen length - Max Maximal adult body length Maximal adult body length in milimeters
Abdomen length - Max (F) Maximal female adult body length Maximal female adult body length in milimeters.
Abdomen length - Max (M) Maximal male adult body length Maximal male adult body length in milimeters.
Abdomen length - Min Minimal adult body length Minimal adult body length in milimeters
Abdomen length - Min (F) Minimal female adult body length Minimal female adult body length in milimeters.
Abdomen length - Min (M) Minimal male adult body length Minimal male adult body length in milimeters.

Body size

traitdescriptionmodalities
Body size - Max Maximal adult body size Maximal adult body size in milimeters
Body size - Min Minimal adult body size Minimal adult body size in milimeters

Coloration

traitdescriptionmodalities
Coloration (F) Coloration of female body
Coloration (M) Coloration of male body 5 categories: 1) metallic green/blue, 2) azure blue, 3)red, 4) dark, 5) yellow/dark
Coloration of wings (F) Coloration of female wings
Coloration of wings (M) Coloration of male wings
Similar species Number of similar species

Weight

traitdescriptionmodalities
Weight (F) - Max Maximal female weight Maximal female weight in miligrams.
Weight (F) - Mean Mean female weight Mean female weight in miligrams.
Weight (F) - Min Minimal female weight Minimal female weight in miligrams.
Weight (M) - Max Maximal male weight Maximal male weight in miligrams.
Weight (M) - Mean Mean male weight Mean male weight in miligrams.
Weight (M) - Min Minimal male weight Minimal male weight in miligrams.

Wingspan

traitdescriptionmodalities
Wingspan - Max Maximal wingspan Maximal wingspan in milimeters
Wingspan - Min Minimal wingspan Minimal wingspan in milimeters

Threat

JNCC

traitdescriptionmodalities
JNCC Red List status Species classified using the national Red List criteria DD=Data Deficiency, LC=Least Concern, NT=Nearly Threatened, VU=Vulnerable, EN=Endangered, CR=Critically Endangered,

Shading

traitdescriptionmodalities
Red List (Czech republic) Species classified using the Red List criteria of Czech republic DD=Data Deficiency, LC=Least Concern, NT=Nearly Threatened, VU=Vulnerable, EN=Endangered, CR=Critically Endangered,
Red List (Germany) Species classified using the Red List criteria of Germany DD=Data Deficiency, LC=Least Concern, NT=Nearly Threatened, VU=Vulnerable, EN=Endangered, CR=Critically Endangered,
Red List Austria Species classified using the Red List criteria of Austria DD=Data Deficiency, LC=Least Concern, NT=Nearly Threatened, VU=Vulnerable, EN=Endangered, CR=Critically Endangered,
Red List Poland Species classified using the Red List criteria of Poland DD=Data Deficiency, LC=Least Concern, NT=Nearly Threatened, VU=Vulnerable, EN=Endangered, CR=Critically Endangered,

Traits of habitat

Chemical traits of habitat

traitdescriptionmodalities
NH4 Content NH4 in water mg/l
O2_min (mg/l) Minimum oxygen content in water mg/l
pH_max Maximal value of pH pH
pH_mean Mean value of pH pH
pH_min Minimal value of pH pH

Habitat type

traitdescriptionmodalities
H1 Permanent Rivers, Streams, Creeks [includes waterfalls] This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H10 Tundra Wetlands [includes pools and temporary waters from snowmelt] This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H11 Alpine Wetlands [includes temporary waters from snowmelt] This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H12 Water Storage Areas [over 8 ha] This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H13 Ponds [below 8 ha] This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H14 Aquaculture Ponds This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H15 Salt Exploitation Sites This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H16 Excavations (open) This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H17 Wastewater Treatment Areas This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H18 Irrigated Land [includes irrigation channels] This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H19 Seasonally Flooded Agricultural Land This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H2 Seasonal/Intermittent/Irregular Rivers, Streams, Creeks This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H20 Canals and Drainage Channels, Ditches This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H3 Shrub Dominated Wetlands This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H4 Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands [generally over 8 ha] This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H5 Permanent Freshwater Lakes [over 8 ha] This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H6 Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Lakes [over 8 ha] This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H7 Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools [under 8 ha] This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H8 Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Marshes/Pools [under 8 ha] This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
H9 Freshwater Springs and Oases This trait shows whether dragonfly live in this type of habitat 2 categories: 1 = present, 0 = absent
Habitat breadth Number of habitat types utilised by the species A count of the number of habitat types utilised by the species

Pernamency

traitdescriptionmodalities
Pernamency Habitat stability 2 categories: temporal, permanent

Shading

traitdescriptionmodalities
Shading Shanding of water area 5 categories: <30%, <50%, 50 - 90%, open, full

Substrate

traitdescriptionmodalities
Substrate Preferred bottom substrate 6 categories: muddy, turf, sandy-loamy, sandy, gravel, all

Trophy

traitdescriptionmodalities
Trophy Water trophy 3 categories: meso-eu, dystroph-meso, oligo-eu

Traits of life history

Activity

traitdescriptionmodalities
Perchers & fliers Activity - sits and waits, or actively patrolling 2 categories: perchers = sits and waits, fliers = actively flying

Area

traitdescriptionmodalities
Estimated area of occupancy (AOO) Estimated area of occupancy (AOO) km?
Upper limit Maximal altitude of the species m

Breeding habitat

traitdescriptionmodalities
Breeding habitat What type of habitat dragonflies live 2 categories: Lentic = backwater, Lotic = running water

Courtship

traitdescriptionmodalities
Courtship Presence or absence of tandem 2 categories: yes = 1, no = 0

Distribution status

traitdescriptionmodalities
Distribution status Categorical variable that groups species based on distribution size 7 categories: very widespread, widespread, local, scarce, rare, very rare, endemic

Emergency

traitdescriptionmodalities
EM50 (max) Maximal time of hatching 50% of the population days
EM50 (min) Minimal time of hatching 50% of the population days

Fauna type

traitdescriptionmodalities
Fauna type Postglacial extension of the species 6 categories: eurosiberian, atlanto-mediterranean, ponto-mediterranean, holomediterranean, west-siberian, ponto-caspian

Fecundity

traitdescriptionmodalities
Fecundity (max) Maximal number of eggs Maximal number of eggs
Fecundity (min) Minimal number of eggs Minimal number of eggs

Flight height

traitdescriptionmodalities
Flight height (max) Maximal flight height cm
Flight height (min) Minimal flight height cm

Flight period

traitdescriptionmodalities
Flight period - End The end of the flight period in months The end of the flight period in months
Flight period - Start The start of the flight period in months The start of the flight period in months
Flight period duration The flight period duration in months The flight period duration in months
Main season (end) Week in the year, when the main occurence of species ends
Main season (start) Week in the year, when the main occurence of species starts

Longevity

traitdescriptionmodalities
longevity_female (max) Maximal longevity of adult female days
longevity_female (min) Minimal longevity of adult female days
longevity_male (max) Maximal longevity of adult male days
longevity_male (min) Minimal longevity of adult male days
longevity_max Maximal longevity for both sexes days

Movement and dispersial

traitdescriptionmodalities
Dispersal ability Relative dispersal ability based on the awareness of experts 4 categories: 0 = very sedentary, 3 = high dispersal ability
Migratory Binary variable, do adults routinely migrate 2 categories: no = species doesn?t migrate, yes = species migrates

Overwintering

traitdescriptionmodalities
Overwintering stage Overwintering stage 3 levels: Larvae (L), Eggs (E), Eggs & Larvae (EL)

Oviposition

traitdescriptionmodalities
Oviposition substrate Type of substrate to which dragonflies lay eggs 3 categories: on substrate, endophytic = dragonfly lays eggs in vegetation or substrate; exophytic = dragonfly lays eggs in open water or on the surface of the substrate

Pairing

traitdescriptionmodalities
Pairing (max) Maximal time in tandem min/sec
Pairing (min) Minimal time in tandem min/sec

Population trend

traitdescriptionmodalities
Population trend Population development over time 3 categories: increasing, decreasing, stable

Sexual maturity

traitdescriptionmodalities
Sexual maturity (max) Sexual maturity - maximal days
Sexual maturity (min) Sexual maturity - minimal days

Teritoriality

traitdescriptionmodalities
Teritoriality Ability to defend territory yes = 1, no = 0

Voltinismus

traitdescriptionmodalities
Bivoltine Species has two generations per one year. 2 categories: 0 = species hasn?t two generations per one year; 1 = species has two generations per one year
Multivoltine Species has more than two generations per one year. 2 categories: 0 = species hasn?t more than two generations per one year; 1 = species has more than two generations per one year.
Partivoltine Species has one generation in more than two years 2 categories: 0 = species hasn?t one generation in more than two years; 1 = species has one generation in more than two years
Semivoltine Species has one generation in two years 2 categories: 0 = species hasn?t one generation in two years; 1 = species has one generation in two years
Univoltine Species has one generation per one year. 2 categories: 0 = species hasn?t one generation per one year; 1 = species has one generation per one year

Traits of larvae

Life history

Daydegrees

traitdescriptionmodalities
Daydegrees -max Maximal measure of heating or cooling dependance of speed of development on temperature
Daydegrees -min Minimal measure of heating or cooling dependance of speed of development on temperature

Defense

traitdescriptionmodalities
Defense Type of thorns larvae 1) pasive, 2) dorsal spines, 3) lateral spines

Development

traitdescriptionmodalities
Embryonal development - mean Mean Length of embryonal development Mean Length of embryonal development in weeks
Embryonal development -max Maximal Length of embryonal development Maximal Length of embryonal development in weeks
Embryonal development -min Minimal Length of embryonal development Minimal Length of embryonal development in weeks
Larval development time Length of larval development Length of larval development in months
Number of instars Number of instars Number of instars

Larval strategy

traitdescriptionmodalities
Larval strategy Strategy of larval 1)claspers, 2) sprawler, 3) burrower, 4) deep burrower, 5) hider

Sex ratio

traitdescriptionmodalities
Sex ratio Sex ratio A number of female and male

Morphological

Egg length

traitdescriptionmodalities
Egg length -max Maximal length of egg Maximal length of egg in mm
Egg length -min Minimal length of egg Minimal length of egg in mm

Egg width

traitdescriptionmodalities
Egg width-max Maximal width of egg Maximal width of egg in mm
Egg width-min Minimal width of egg Minimal width of egg in mm

Head width

traitdescriptionmodalities
Head width - max (10I) Maximal Head width in tenth instar Maximal Head width in tenth instar in mm
Head width - max (11I) Maximal Head width in eleventh instar Maximal Head width in eleventh instar in mm
Head width - max (12I) Maximal Head width in twelfth instar Maximal Head width in twelfth instar in mm
Head width - max (13I) Maximal Head width in thirteenth instar Maximal Head width in thirteenth instar in mm
Head width - max (14I) Maximal Head width in fourteenth instar Maximal Head width in fourteenth instar in mm
Head width - max (1I) Maximal Head width in first instar Maximal Head width in first instar in mm
Head width - max (2I) Maximal Head width in second instar Maximal Head width in second instar in mm
Head width - max (3I) Maximal Head width in third instar Maximal Head width in third instar in mm
Head width - max (4I) Maximal Head width in fourth instar Maximal Head width in fourth instar in mm
Head width - max (5I) Maximal Head width in fifth instar Maximal Head width in fifth instar in mm
Head width - max (6I) Maximal Head width in sixth instar Maximal Head width in sixth instar in mm
Head width - max (7I) Maximal Head width in seventh instar Maximal Head width in seventh instar in mm
Head width - max (8I) Maximal Head width in eighth instar Maximal Head width in eighth instar in mm
Head width - max (9I) Maximal Head width in ninth instar Maximal Head width in ninth instar in mm
Head width - min (10I) Minimal Head width in tenth instar Minimal Head width in tenth instar in mm
Head width - min (11I) Minimal Head width in eleventh instar Minimal Head width in eleventh instar in mm
Head width - min (12I) Minimal Head width in twelfth instar Minimal Head width in twelfth instar in mm
Head width - min (13I) Minimal Head width in thirteenth instar Minimal Head width in thirteenth instar in mm
Head width - min (14I) Minimal Head width in fourteenth instar Minimal Head width in fourteenth instar in mm
Head width - min (1I) Minimal Head width in first instar Minimal Head width in first instar in mm
Head width - min (2I) Minimal Head width in second instar Minimal Head width in second instar in mm
Head width - min (3I) Minimal Head width in third instar Minimal Head width in third instar in mm
Head width - min (4I) Minimal Head width in fourth instar Minimal Head width in fourth instar in mm
Head width - min (5I) Minimal Head width in fifth instar Minimal Head width in fifth instar in mm
Head width - min (6I) Minimal Head width in sixth instar Minimal Head width in sixth instar in mm
Head width - min (7I) Minimal Head width in seventh instar Minimal Head width in seventh instar in mm
Head width - min (8I) Minimal Head width in eighth instar Minimal Head width in eighth instar in mm
Head width - min (9I) Minimal Head width in ninth instar Minimal Head width in ninth instar in mm

Larval body length

traitdescriptionmodalities
Larval body length - Max Maximal larval body lenght in milimeters Maximal larval body lenght in mm
Larval body length - Min Minimal larval body lenght in milimeters Minimal larval body lenght in mm

Larval weight

traitdescriptionmodalities
Larval weight - max Maximal larval body weight in mg Maximal larval body weight in mg
Larval weight - mean Mean larval body weight in mg Mean larval body weight in mg
Larval weight - min Minimal larval body weight in mg Minimal larval body weight in mg

Spines

traitdescriptionmodalities
Dorsal spines_num Number of dorsal spines Number of dorsal spines
Dorsal spines_presence Presence of dorsal spines 1) none, 2) small, 3) medium, 4) robust
Lateral spines_num Number of lateral spines Number of lateral spines
Lateral spines_presence Presence of lateral spines 1) none, 2) small, 3) medium, 4) robust